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1.北京工业大学桥梁工程安全与韧性全国重点实验室,北京 100124
2.招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司,重庆 400067
Received:12 April 2025,
Revised:2025-05-23,
Published:28 August 2025
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陈宇轩,温佳年,宋彦臣等.地震诱发滚石链生灾害下桥梁失效路径及动力响应特性研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(04):697-711.
CHEN Yuxuan,WEN Jianian,SONG Yanchen,et al.Study on Failure Paths and Dynamic Response Characteristics of Bridges under Earthquake‑induced Rockfall Cascading Disasters[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(04):697-711.
陈宇轩,温佳年,宋彦臣等.地震诱发滚石链生灾害下桥梁失效路径及动力响应特性研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(04):697-711. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20250412002.
CHEN Yuxuan,WEN Jianian,SONG Yanchen,et al.Study on Failure Paths and Dynamic Response Characteristics of Bridges under Earthquake‑induced Rockfall Cascading Disasters[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(04):697-711. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20250412002.
山区桥梁可能存在地震诱发滚石链生灾害威胁,然而其失效路径和动力响应规律尚不清晰。本文提出了地震诱发滚石链生灾害下桥梁损伤破坏高精度数值分析方法,建立了典型梁式桥的多灾害动力分析有限元模型,并基于现有试验验证了该数值分析方法的准确性。在此基础上,研究了不同地震动特性、滚石参数及冲击点位置对地震诱发滚石作用下桥梁失效路径及动力特性的影响规律。分析结果表明:前序地震作用下,桥梁支座和挡块较早出现损伤,桥墩大多出现轻微至中等损伤,而在滚石链生灾害作用下,桥墩则发生严重破坏以致失效,最终破坏模式为剪切破坏;与单独滚石作用相比,地震诱发滚石多灾害作用下桥梁动力响应显著增加,其中在前序Chalfant Valley地震作用后桥墩墩底弯矩、剪力增加34%和41%,桩基础最大弯矩、剪力分别增大80%和98%;不同滚石参数也会对桥梁动力响应产生较大影响,如滚石速度从5 m/s增加到30 m/s,桥墩最大弯矩、剪力分别增大96%和94%,滚石直径从1.0 m增加到1.8 m,桥墩最大弯矩、剪力分别增大23%和22%。
Mountain bridges may be threatened by earthquake-induced rockfall cascading disasters. However
the failure paths and dynamic response patterns remain unclear. This study proposed a high-precision numerical analysis method for bridge damage under earthquake-induced rockfall cascading disasters. A multi-hazard dynamic finite element model for typical girder bridges was established
and the accuracy of the numerical method was validated based on existing experimental data. On this basis
the effects of different ground motion characteristics
rockfall parameters
and impact locations on the failure paths and dynamic characteristics of bridges under earthquake-induced rockfall cascading disasters were systematically investigated. The analytical results showed that under the influence of pre-sequence earthquakes
bridge bearings and restrainers sustained early damage
while most bridge piers exhibited mild to moderate damage. However
under the subsequent rockfall cascading disaster
the bridge piers suffered severe damage leading to failure
with shear failure being the dominant ultimate failure mode. Compared to rockfall-only scenarios
the dynamic responses of the bridge under earthquake-induced rockfall cascading disasters significantly increased. For instance
after the Chalfant Valley earthquake
the pier base bending moment and shear force increased by 34% and 41%
respectively
while the maximum bending moment and shear force of the pile foundations increased by 80% and 98%
respectively. Additionally
different rockfall parameters significantly affected the dynamic responses of the bridge. For instance
when the rockfall velocity increased from 5 m/s to 30 m/s
the maximum bending moment and shear force of piers increased by 96% and 94%
respectively. Similarly
increasing rock diameter from 1.0 m to 1.8 m led to 23% and 22% increases in the maximum bending moment and shear force of piers.
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