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1.新疆帕米尔陆内俯冲国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
2.新疆维吾尔自治区地震局, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
3.中国地震局乌鲁木齐中亚地震研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
4.江苏省地震局, 江苏 南京 210014
5.库尔勒地震监测中心站,新疆 库尔勒 841000
Received:27 September 2024,
Revised:2024-12-14,
Published:28 August 2025
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李金,孙业君,邓明文等.2024年新疆拜城5级震群活动特征研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(04):949-960.
LI Jin,SUN Yejun,DENG Mingwen,et al.Study on Characteristics of 2024 Baicheng M5 Earthquake Swarm in Xinjiang[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(04):949-960.
李金,孙业君,邓明文等.2024年新疆拜城5级震群活动特征研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(04):949-960. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240927004.
LI Jin,SUN Yejun,DENG Mingwen,et al.Study on Characteristics of 2024 Baicheng M5 Earthquake Swarm in Xinjiang[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(04):949-960. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240927004.
2024年拜城5级震群活动具有明显的空间分区和时间丛集特征。在空间上,震群呈现三丛集中分布;在时间上,表现为三丛地震交替活跃,类似的5级震群活动在国内外较为罕见。本文基于新疆区域数字地震台网的观测资料,采用CAP方法中P波初动和波形拟合联合反演的算法,计算了2024年4月拜城5级震群序列的震源机制解和震源深度。同时,利用双差定位方法对该震群进行了重新定位,并在此基础上分析了拜城5级震群活动与库车凹陷地区构造运动的关系。初步结果显示,拜城震群中14次地震的震源机制均为逆冲型,表明此次震群为发生在南天山与塔里木地块交汇处的逆冲构造活动。根据重新定位后的深度剖面结果,推断I区和II区地震的发震构造可能为EW走向的断层;III区地震的发震构造可能为一条NNE向的断层。根据已有的地质资料,库车坳陷南部靠近塔里木盆地的构造为一套向北逆冲的逆断裂‑背斜系统;而北部靠近南天山一侧则为一套向南逆冲的逆断裂—背斜系统。此次拜城5级震群活动基本可以反映库车坳陷南、北两侧逆冲系统的构造运动特征。此外,推断震区附近存在一条NNE向的断裂,该断裂斜穿了南天山地区的近EW向断裂,可能是库车坳陷东、中、西段NS向构造挤压变形的不等量缩短过程中形成的。此外,推断NNE向的断裂可能将震区EW向的断裂错断,形成了断裂交汇区,导致局部应力场不均匀,难以有效积累应力,从而形成了I区、II区和III区之间的地震空段。
The 2024 Baicheng
M
5 earthquake swarm exhibited distinct spatial zoning and temporal clustering characteristics. Spatially
the earthquake swarm displayed a concentrated distribution in three clusters. Temporally
it manifested as alternating seismic activity among these clusters. Such
M
5 earthquake swarms were relatively rare both domestically and internationally. Based on observational data from the Xinjiang regional digital seismic network
this study used a joint inversion algorithm combining P-wave first-motion and waveform fitting in the CAP method to calculate the focal mechanism solutions and focal depths of the Baicheng
M
5 earthquake swarm sequence in April 2024. Mean
while
the double-difference relocation method was employed to relocate the earthquake swarm. Based on this
the relationship between the Baicheng
M
5 earthquake swarm activity and the tectonic movements in the Kuqa Depression area was analyzed. Preliminary results showed that the focal mechanisms of the 14 earthquakes in the Baicheng earthquake swarm were all thrust types
indicating that this earthquake swarm was the result of thrust tectonic activity that occurred at the junction of the South Tianshan Mountains and the Tarim Block. Based on the relocated depth profiles
it was inferred that the seismogenic structures of earthquakes in zones I and II were likely EW-trending faults
while the seismogenic structure of zone III was likely an NNE-trending fault. According to existing geological data
the southern part of the Kuqa Depression near the Tarim Basin featured a northward-thrusting reverse fault-anticline system. Conversely
the northern part near the South Tianshan Mountains was characterized by a southward-thrusting reverse fault-anticline system. The Baicheng
M
5 earthquake swarm could generally reflect the tectonic movement characteristics of the thrust systems on the south and north sides of the Kuqa Depression. In addition
it was inferred that an NNE-trending fault existed near the seismic zone
obliquely intersecting the EW-trending faults of the South Tianshan Mountains. This fault likely formed during differential shortening of NS-directed tectonic compressional deformation across the eastern
central
and western segments of the Kuqa Depression. Moreover
the NNE-trending fault might offset the EW-trending faults in the seismic zone
forming a fault junction zone that led to an uneven local stress field. This made effective stress accumulation difficult
thereby resulting in seismic gaps between zones I
II
and III.
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