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1.广东电网有限责任公司电网规划研究中心,广东 广州 510080
2.广州大学土木与交通工程学院,广东 广州 510006
Received:24 September 2024,
Revised:2024-12-02,
Published:28 August 2025
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董晗拓,吴小蕙,王彦峰等.高阻尼减振(震)橡胶材料力学性能试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(04):870-878.
DONG Hantuo,WU Xiaohui,WANG Yanfeng,et al.Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of High‑damping Rubber Material for Vibration (Seismic) Absorption[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(04):870-878.
董晗拓,吴小蕙,王彦峰等.高阻尼减振(震)橡胶材料力学性能试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(04):870-878. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240924004.
DONG Hantuo,WU Xiaohui,WANG Yanfeng,et al.Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of High‑damping Rubber Material for Vibration (Seismic) Absorption[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(04):870-878. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240924004.
针对现有土木工程结构和设备的减振(震)与隔振(震)橡胶材料耗能能力不足,通过改变橡胶材料成分提升其耗能能力的同时其刚度会增加而影响其隔振(震)性能的问题,设计了一种丁基橡胶基体新型高阻尼减振(震)橡胶材料。采用万能试验机等对新型高阻尼减振(震)橡胶材料和普通橡胶材料进行了体积压缩、单轴、平面和等双轴拉伸往复变形条件下的材料力学性能试验,根据滞回性能对比分析研究其力学性能提升效果。结果表明:在体积压缩试验中,新型高阻尼减振(震)橡胶的平均压缩弹性模量比普通橡胶压缩模量高约12.4%;在单一方向变形的单轴拉伸试验中,新型高阻尼减振(震)橡胶在150%变形以内比普通橡胶等效粘滞阻尼比和残余变形分别提升187.01%~391.67%和471.90%~625.60%,拉伸刚度降低4.82%~62.36%;在两个方向变形的平面和等双轴拉伸试验中,新型高阻尼减振(震)橡胶在150%变形以内比普通橡胶等效粘滞阻尼比和残余变形分别提升63.73%~608.45%和365.66%~919.60%,拉伸刚度降低25.90%~81.48%,新型高阻尼减振(震)橡胶耗能提升效果明显,耗能提升效果的同时其拉伸刚度降低。最后通过数值拟合得到能很好模拟此橡胶的非线性弹性行为的超弹性本构模型,为此新型高阻尼减振(震)橡胶进一步研发与推广应用打下基础。
Current rubber materials for vibration (seismic) absorption and isolation used in civil engineering structures and equipment have insufficient energy dissipation capacity
and enhancing the energy dissipation capacity by modifying the rubber material composition leads to increased stiffness and consequently compromises the vibration (seismic) isolation performance. To address these issues
a novel high-damping rubber material for vibration (seismic) absorption based on a butyl rubber matrix was designed. Mechanical property tests were conducted on both the novel high-damping rubber and conventional rubber materials under cyclic loading conditions of volumetric compression
uniaxial tension
plane tension
and equi-biaxial tension using a universal testing machine. The mechanical property enhancement effects were studied through comparative analysis of the hysteresis performance. The results showed that in volumetric compression tests
the average compressive elastic modulus of the novel high-damping rubber was approximately 12.4% higher than that of ordinary rubber. In uniaxial tensile tests under single-direction deformation up to 150% strain
the novel high-damping rubber exhibited 187.01%~391.67% higher equivalent viscous damping ratio and 471.90%~625.60% greater residual deformation compared to ordinary rubber
and its tensile stiffness decreased by 4.82%~62.36%. In plane and equi-biaxial tensile tests under two-direction deformation up to 150% strain
the novel high-damping rubber showed 63.73%~608.45% higher equivalent viscous damping ratio and 365.66%~919.60% greater residual deformation than ordinary rubber
and its tensile stiffness decreased by 25.90%~81.48%. The novel high-damping rubber for vibration (seismic) absorption significantly improved energy dissipation capacity while reducing tensile stiffness. Finally
a hyperelastic constitutive model that could accurately simulate the nonlinear elastic behavior of the rubber was obtained through numerical fitting. This lays a foundation for the further development and application of the novel high-damping rubber material for vibration (seismic) absorption.
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