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1.河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院,河南 焦作 454000
2.河南理工大学土木工程学院,河南 焦作 454000
3.郑州地铁集团有限公司,河南 郑州 450000
Received:24 September 2024,
Revised:2024-11-21,
Published:15 February 2025
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刘彦伟,彭洁,任连伟等.基于CEEMDAN‑SSA‑ELM‑LSTM模型的地铁车站深基坑支护桩水平变形预测[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(01):34-46.
LIU Yanwei,PENG Jie,REN Lianwei,et al.Forecasting of Horizontal Deformation in Retaining Piles of Subway Station Deep Foundation Pits Based on the CEEMDAN⁃SSA⁃ELM⁃LSTM Model[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(01):34-46.
刘彦伟,彭洁,任连伟等.基于CEEMDAN‑SSA‑ELM‑LSTM模型的地铁车站深基坑支护桩水平变形预测[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(01):34-46. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240924001.
LIU Yanwei,PENG Jie,REN Lianwei,et al.Forecasting of Horizontal Deformation in Retaining Piles of Subway Station Deep Foundation Pits Based on the CEEMDAN⁃SSA⁃ELM⁃LSTM Model[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(01):34-46. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240924001.
灾害监测与预测是岩土工程领域至关重要的任务之一,但工程监测数据中的非平稳性和非线性一直是预测的难点。为应对此挑战,引入数据驱动算法极限学习机(ELM)、长短时记忆神经网络模型(LSTM),结合自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)和麻雀搜索算法(SSA),提出了一种改进的地铁车站深基坑变形组合预测模型。首先,通过CEEMDAN将支护桩水平位移序列分解为趋势项和波动项,降低数据的非平稳性。其次,为充分考虑分解序列差异的非线性特征,分别采用SSA优化后的ELM和LSTM模型对低频趋势项与高频波动项进行预测,并将结果叠加重构为最终预测值。最后,以郑州市某地铁车站深基坑为例,通过设置消融实验、对比实验和泛化性验证实验,系统评估了模型的准确性与实用性。结果表明:该模型在精度和稳定性方面显著优于其他模型,其中
R
2
提升了2.88%~23.62%,
RMSE
和
MAPE
分别降低了6.63%~41.13%、8.08%~64.79%。这充分说明模型在应对数据非平稳性和捕捉非线性特征方面表现出色,具备良好的可靠性和广泛的应用前景,可为岩土工程中的灾害防治提供新的思路和技术支持。
Disaster monitoring and prediction are critical tasks in geotechnical engineering. However
the inherent non-stationarity and non-linearity of engineering monitoring data have long posed challenges for accurate forecasting. In response to this challenge
this study proposes an improved combination prediction model for the deformation of deep foundation pits in subway stations. The model integrates data-driven algorithms
including Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks
along with Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) and the Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA). Initially
CEEMDAN was employed to decompose the horizontal displacement sequence of the retaining piles into trend and fluctuation components
thereby reducing
the data's non-stationarity. Furthermore
to fully capture the nonlinear characteristics of the differences among each decomposed sequence
SSA-optimized ELM and LSTM models were employed to predict the low-frequency trend component and high-frequency fluctuation component
respectively. The results were then combined to reconstruct the final prediction values. Finally
the accuracy and practicality of the model were systematically evaluated through ablation
comparative and generalization validation experiments using a deep foundation pit example in Zhengzhou subway station. The results demonstrated that the proposed model exhibited superior performance in terms of both accuracy and stability when compared to other models. The R² improvements ranged from 2.88% to 23.62%
while the reductions in
RMSE
and
MAPE
were observed to be between 6.63% and 41.13% and between 8.08% and 64.79%
respectively. The model's efficacy in addressing data's non-stationarity and capturing nonlinear features is evident
offering high reliability and broad application prospects. The model provides novel insights to and technical support for disaster prevention in geotechnical engineering.
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