兰州理工大学土木工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730050
Received:02 January 2024,
Revised:2024-03-28,
Published:28 August 2025
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段绍臻,扇国瑞.落石形状和冲击姿态对落石冲击垫层过程的影响[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(04):918-927.
DUAN Shaozhen,SHAN Guorui.Influence of Rockfall Shape and Impact Position on Rockfall Impact Process on Cushion Layers[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(04):918-927.
段绍臻,扇国瑞.落石形状和冲击姿态对落石冲击垫层过程的影响[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(04):918-927. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240102003.
DUAN Shaozhen,SHAN Guorui.Influence of Rockfall Shape and Impact Position on Rockfall Impact Process on Cushion Layers[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(04):918-927. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240102003.
基于离散元法对圆形、椭圆形、方形和三角形的落石,以不同的冲击姿态对其冲击垫层的过程进行数值仿真。结果表明:落石形状和冲击姿态对落石冲击垫层过程的影响不容忽视;当倾斜系数为0时,在相同初始冲击动能下,圆形落石的侵入深度最大,冲击力和底部力最小,因此忽略落石形状会高估侵入深度,而低估冲击力和底部力;基于无量纲分析,给出了落石侵入深度、最大冲击力和底部力关于倾斜系数
α
的拟合公式,随着
α
的增大,落石的侵入深度增大,而冲击力和底部力则减小;最后基于傅里叶描述法生成不规则形状落石,在相同初始冲击动能下,其侵入深度、最大冲击力以及最大底部力的极差随着傅里叶描述符
D
2
和
D
8
的增大而增大。
Using the discrete element method
this study conducted numerical simulations to analyze the impact process of circular
elliptical
square
and triangular rockfalls on cushion layers under different impact positions. The results showed that rockfall shape and impact position had a significant influence on the rockfall impact process on cushion layers. When the inclination coefficient was 0
under the same initial impact kinetic energy
circular rockfalls had the greatest penetration depth and the smallest impact force and bottom force. Therefore
ignoring rockfall shape may lead to an overestimation of penetration depth and an underestimation of impact force and bottom force. Based on dimensionless analysis
the fitting formulas for the rockfall penetration depth
maximum impact force
and bottom force with respect to the inclination coefficient
α
were derived. As α increased
the rockfall penetration depth gradually increased
while the impact force and bottom force decreased. Finally
based on the Fourier descriptor method
irregularly shaped rockfalls were generated. Under the same initial impact kinetic energy
the range of penetration depth
maximum impact force
and maximum bottom force increased with increasing Fourier descriptors
D
2
and
D
8
.
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