Experimental Study on Vertical Bearing Capacity of Conical Composite Piles

ZHOU Xianqi; YE Jinbi; JIN Xiaoqin; GUO Dengqi

doi:10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210320001

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Experimental Study on Vertical Bearing Capacity of Conical Composite Piles

更新时间：2025-09-25

- Experimental Study on Vertical Bearing Capacity of Conical Composite Piles
- Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering Vol. 42, Issue 5, Pages: 1097-1103(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.厦门理工学院土木工程与建筑学院,福建厦门,361024
  2.厦门理工学院风灾害与风工程福建省重点实验室, 福建厦门,361024
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210320001
  CLC： TU473
- Received：20 March 2021，
  
  Revised：2021-06-22，
  
  Published：28 October 2022
- 稿件说明：
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周先齐,叶金铋,金晓勤等.锥型组合桩竖向承载力模型试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2022,42(05):1097-1103.

ZHOU Xianqi,YE Jinbi,JIN Xiaoqin,et al.Experimental Study on Vertical Bearing Capacity of Conical Composite Piles[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2022,42(05):1097-1103.
周先齐,叶金铋,金晓勤等.锥型组合桩竖向承载力模型试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2022,42(05):1097-1103. DOI： 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210320001.

ZHOU Xianqi,YE Jinbi,JIN Xiaoqin,et al.Experimental Study on Vertical Bearing Capacity of Conical Composite Piles[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2022,42(05):1097-1103. DOI： 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210320001.

摘要

阶梯型变截面桩竖向承载力大，但其在变径处应力集中现象明显，限制了该桩型的适用范围，为减轻其在变径处的轴力突变，将水平变截面设置为一定倾角，形成锥型组合桩。为了摸清该新桩型的竖向承载性能，基于室内模型试验对锥型组合桩在竖向荷载作用下的力学响应进行测试，并与传统等截面桩、阶梯型桩进行对比，揭示锥型组合桩的竖向承载机理。模型试验依据相似理论进行设计，在试验中保持三种桩型的体积近似相等，竖向荷载采用分级加载，获取桩顶沉降曲线以及桩身轴力分布。研究结果表明：（1）等截面桩的竖向承载力最小，阶梯型桩的竖向承载力居中，锥型组合桩的竖向承载力最大；（2）等截面桩的轴力随深度增大近似线性减小，阶梯型桩在截面变小处轴力发生突变，产生应力集中，锥型组合桩在上下两个截面变化处轴力未发生显著突变，在下变截面处往下一定位置产生轴力极大值，轴力分布较为均衡；（3）等截面桩侧阻力占比随荷载增大急剧减小，阶梯型桩侧阻力占比随着荷载非线性变化，锥型组合桩侧阻力占比稳定在55%左右；（4）锥型组合桩既可以发挥阶梯型桩承载力大的优点，又可以克服阶梯型桩在变截面处的轴力突变问题，竖向承载力大于阶梯型桩，具有良好的工程应用价值。

Abstract

The step-tapered pile has a large vertical bearing capacity， but the stress concentration phenomenon is obvious at the variable cross-section， which limits the application range of this pile type. In order to reduce the abrupt change of axial force at the variable cross-section， the taper angle was employed in the design of the step-tapered pile to form the conical composite pile. To determine the vertical bearing capacity of the new type of pile， the static response of the conical composite pile under vertical load was tested based on the physical scale model test， and the behaviors of the conical composite pile were revealed by comparing it with the traditional uniform-section pile and step-tapered pile. The model test was designed according to the similarity theory and the volume of the three types of the pile was approximately equal. The vertical load was applied on the pile head by steps， then the settlement curve and the axial force of the pile under loading were obtained. The results show that ：（1） The vertical bearing capacity of the uniform-section pile was the smallest， that of the step-tapered pile was in the middle， and that of the conical composite pile was the largest. （2） The axial force of the uniform-section pile decreased approximately linearly with the increase of depth. The axial force of the step-tapered pile changed sharply when the cross-section became smaller， while that of the cone-type pile did not change remarkably at the upper and lower variable sections. The position of the maximum axial force of conical composite was located below the lower variable section， and the overall axial force distribution was more harmonious. （3） The ratio of shaft resistance of uniform-section piles decreased sharply with the increase of load， while that of step-tapered piles changed non-linearly with the increase of load. The ratio of shaft resistance of conical composite piles was stable at around 55%. （4） The conical composite pile can not only give full play to the advantages of the large bearing capacity of the step-tapered pile， but also overcome the defect of abrupt change of axial force at the variable section. The vertical bearing capacity of the conical composite pile is larger than that of the step-tapered pile， which has great engineering application value.

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references

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