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1.昆明理工大学公共安全与应急管理学院,云南 昆明 650093
2.云南省高校高烈度地震山区交通走廊工程地质病害早期快速判识与防控重点实验,云南 昆明 650093
3.中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室, 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川 成都 610041
4.高原科学与可持续发展研究院,青海 西宁 810016
5.中南大学土木工程学院,湖南 长沙 410075
Received:20 January 2021,
Revised:2021-02-05,
Published:16 June 2021
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李睿祺,胡桂胜,陈宁生等.川藏铁路沟谷型泥石流形成运动特征与工程危害研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2021,41(03):432-440.
LI Ruiqi,HU Guisheng,CHEN Ningsheng,et al.Study on Formation and Motion Characteristics and Engineering Hazards of Gully Type Debris Flow in Sichuan Tibet Railway[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2021,41(03):432-440.
李睿祺,胡桂胜,陈宁生等.川藏铁路沟谷型泥石流形成运动特征与工程危害研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2021,41(03):432-440. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210120003.
LI Ruiqi,HU Guisheng,CHEN Ningsheng,et al.Study on Formation and Motion Characteristics and Engineering Hazards of Gully Type Debris Flow in Sichuan Tibet Railway[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2021,41(03):432-440. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210120003.
拟建川藏铁路拉林铁路段山地灾害活跃,沿线分布有大量的沟谷型泥石流沟,由于其规模大、侵蚀强烈、具有重复性等特点,时常对铁路和公路造成破坏,并直接或间接的影响着拟建川藏铁路的建设,甚至对铁路后期的安全运营造成威胁。考虑到拟建川藏铁路和G318的特殊性和重要性以及其时刻面临着泥石流灾害的威胁,故采用野外考察、室内试验、遥感解译等相结合的方法,对拟建川藏铁路沿线存在泥石流暴发痕迹的4条沟谷型泥石流沟的形成运动特征进行了研究,分析了4条泥石流沟的危害特点,结合泥石流运动参数和不同的危害特点提出了相应的防治方案。研究结果表明:(1)江中浦曲、帮改娘沟、色比单嘎沟、协拉浦曲在形成条件上有利于泥石流灾害的形成和暴发。(2)4条沟道的泥石流容重为1.7 g/cm
3
左右,均属稀性泥石流沟;色比单嘎沟泥石流在规模上属大型,其余3条沟泥石流在规模上均属特大型;泥石流一次过流总量为8.61万~1 901.97万m
3
;固体冲出物质为3.91万~829.95万m
3
;泥石流流速为5.2~6.6 m/s。(3)通过过流能力分析发现,协拉浦曲沟口G318断面存在明显的过流能力不足。(4)基于泥石流特征参数及危害的分析,对泥石流沟提出了相应的防治方案,可为该段拟建铁路和公路的建设和后期安全运营等的防灾减灾提供借鉴。
Mountain disasters are active in the Lhasa-Nyingchi Railway section of the proposed Sichuan-Tibet Railway. There are a large number of valley-type debris flow gullies along the line. Due to their large scale, strong erosion, and repeatability, they often cause damage to railways and highways. It directly or indirectly affects the construction of the proposed Sichuan-Tibet Railway and even threatens the safety of the railway's later operation. Considering the uniqueness and importance of the proposed Sichuan-Tibet Railway and G318 and the threat of debris flow hazards at all times, an investigation has been conducted to study the characteristics of formation and movement of four gully type debris flow trenches along the proposed Sichuan-Tibet railway using a combination of field investigations, laboratory experiments, and remote sensing and interpretation. The hazard characteristics of four debris flow ditches are analyzed. Combining the movement parameters of debris flow and different hazard characteristics, corresponding prevention and treatment plans are proposed. The results show that: (1) Jiangzhongpu Meander, Banggainiang Gully, Sebi Danga Gully and Xielapu Meander contribute to the formation and eruption of debris flow disasters. (2) The bulk density of debris flow in four gullies is about 1.7 g/cm
3
, which belongs to sparse debris flow gully; the scale of debris flow in Sebi Danga Gully is large, and the scale of debris flow in the other three gullies is super large; the total amount of one-time flow of debris flow is between 86.1~19019.7 thousand m
3
; the amount of solid material is between 39.1~8299.5 thousand m
3
; the velocity of debris flow is between 5.2~6.6 m/s. (3) Through the analysis of discharge capacity, it is found that there is obvious insufficient discharge capacity at G318 section of the river valley of Xielapu Meander. (4) Based on the analysis of the characteristic parameters and hazards of debris flow, the corresponding prevention and control schemes for debris flow gullies are proposed, which can provide reference for disaster prevention and mitigation of the planned construction of railways and highways and later safe operation.
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