A majority of seismic design methods for shield tunnels are simplistic approaches based on elastic assumption
which cannot reflect the nonlinearity of soil and underground structures.Dynamic time-history analysis technique can’t be widely applied in engineering design due to many drawbacks such as long computing time
massive post-processing work
and so on.The pushover method can avoid the complex problem in dynamic analysis and needs less computing time to obtain the similar results.This study optimized the loading pattern in pushover analysis using an adaptive pushover analysis method.The presented method can consider the influence of layered soil ground.A two-dimensional soil-structure finite element model was established.The seismic response of a shield tunnel was analyzed by the improved pushover method and by dynamic timehistory analysis.A comparison of the results between the two methods validated the applicability of the improved pushover method.Afterwards
the influences of concrete and soil modulus parameters on lining stress at weak points were investigated using the improved pushover method.
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