Review on the Model Tests for Earth-rock Dam Breach

钟启明; 沈光泽; 曹伟

doi:10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.2018.04.004

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Review on the Model Tests for Earth-rock Dam Breach

更新时间：2025-12-11

- Review on the Model Tests for Earth-rock Dam Breach
- Vol. 38, Issue 4, Pages: 615-623(2018)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.2018.04.004
  CLC： V641;TV122.4
- Published：2018
- 稿件说明：
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[1]钟启明,沈光泽,曹伟.土石坝溃决机理模型试验研究进展[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2018,38(04):615-623.

钟启明, 沈光泽, 曹伟. Review on the Model Tests for Earth-rock Dam Breach[J]. 2018, 38(4): 615-623.
[1]钟启明,沈光泽,曹伟.土石坝溃决机理模型试验研究进展[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2018,38(04):615-623. DOI： 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.2018.04.004.

钟启明, 沈光泽, 曹伟. Review on the Model Tests for Earth-rock Dam Breach[J]. 2018, 38(4): 615-623. DOI： 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.2018.04.004.

摘要

大坝溃决将给人类社会带来巨大的灾难

因此国内外都很关注溃坝问题的研究。由于多数大坝均为土石坝

且土石坝是逐渐溃决的过程

而混凝土坝一般表现为瞬时溃决

因此土石坝溃决机理与溃决过程的研究对于溃坝过程数学模型的建立和致灾后果的评价具有重要的指导意义。自20世纪90年代以来

国内外学者围绕土石坝溃决机理开展了广泛深入的模型试验研究

取得了一系列重要的研究成果。分别从土石坝溃决原因、土石坝溃决机理研究进展、土石坝漫顶溃决模型试验、土石坝管涌溃决模型试验等方面介绍国内外的研究进展。重点针对土石坝坝型（均质坝、黏性心墙坝、面板堆石坝）和主要破坏模式（漫顶溃坝与管涌溃坝）

介绍国内外开展的不同尺度的溃坝模型试验

分析研究了土石坝的溃决机理

并对今后的研究工作重点提出了相关建议。

Abstract

Dam breach will bring tremendous disasters to the human society

and therefore both domestic and foreign researchers have paid close attention to this issue. Because the majority of dams are earth-rock dams

whose failure is a gradual process rather than an instantaneous failure for concrete dams. Therefore

the research on the breach mechanism and breach process of earthrock dams has significant importance for the development of numerical model for dam breaching process and the assessment of disaster consequences. Since 1990 s

scholars worldwide have conducted extensive and in-depth research on dam breach model tests

and achieved a series of important research results. This paper aimed at summarizing the research progress on the cause and mechanism of dam breach

and model tests of overtopping-and piping-induced dam breaching.Moreover

this paper focused on dam types（i. e.

homogeneous dam

clay core dam

and concrete face rockfill dam） and main failure modes（i. e.

overtopping-induced and piping-induced dam breach） of earth and rockfill dams

and dam breach model tests with different scales were introduced; furthermore

the breach mechanism of earth and rockfill dams were studied. Finally

based on the introduction of the research progress

some suggestions for future research are also made.

关键词

Keywords

references

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