Study on Breach Process of Earth-rock Dam due to Seepage Failure

曹伟; 钟启明; 陈生水

doi:10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.2013.01.009

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Study on Breach Process of Earth-rock Dam due to Seepage Failure

更新时间：2025-12-11

- Study on Breach Process of Earth-rock Dam due to Seepage Failure
- Vol. 33, Issue 1, Pages: 47-52(2013)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
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- DOI：10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.2013.01.009
  CLC： V641
- Published：2013
- 稿件说明：
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[1]曹伟,钟启明,陈生水.土石坝渗透破坏过程的一种分析方法[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2013,33(01):47-52.

曹伟, 钟启明, 陈生水. Study on Breach Process of Earth-rock Dam due to Seepage Failure[J]. 2013, 33(1): 47-52.
[1]曹伟,钟启明,陈生水.土石坝渗透破坏过程的一种分析方法[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2013,33(01):47-52. DOI： 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.2013.01.009.

曹伟, 钟启明, 陈生水. Study on Breach Process of Earth-rock Dam due to Seepage Failure[J]. 2013, 33(1): 47-52. DOI： 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.2013.01.009.

摘要

提出了一种描述土石坝渗透破坏溃决全过程的数值模型及数值计算方法

并利用甘肃小海子水库渗透破坏溃坝事件的调查资料对其合理性进行了验证;运用该模型

比较分析了初始渗透通道高程对土石坝渗透破坏溃坝过程的影响。结果发现

初始渗透通道高程对溃口发展过程、溃口洪水流量过程和最大下泄水量具有重要影响

初始渗透通道高程越低

因通道上部坝体发生坍塌而导致的管道流转变成堰流的时间越迟

溃口底部经受的冲蚀也更强烈

最终溃口宽度也更大;初始渗透通道高程越低

溃口峰值流量越小

溃口流量过程曲线更为扁胖

下泄水量也最大。

Abstract

A numerical simulation method is proposed

which can correctly reflect the breach mechanism of earth-rock dams due to seepage failure and can rationally depict the full process of the development of seepage passages

the collapse of dams and the failure due to overtopping for earth-rock dams.In this method

the critical incipient velocity for the occurrence of seepage failure is derived by analyzing the forces acting on soil particles in the seepage passage;and the formulas respectively put forward for calculating the erosion of dam materials during the development of seepage passages and the development of the breaches after dam failure due to overtopping.The calculated results of the breach development rules

flood hydrographs and peak values are close to the observed ones.Accordingly

the rationality of the proposed numerical method is validated.Moreover

the impact of different elevations of initial seepage passages on the breach development rules

flood hydrographs and peak values are discussed

some significant conclusions are made.Therefore it may be used to accurately evaluate disastrous consequences and draw flood control emergency plans for earth-rock dams due to seepage failure.

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references

全国水库溃坝统计及溃坝原因分析 [J]. 解家毕,孙东亚. 水利水电技术 . 2009(12)

管涌现象研究的进展与展望 [J]. 周健,张刚. 地下空间 . 2004(04)

无粘性土管涌临界坡降的计算 [J]. 吴良骥. 水利水运科学研究 . 1980(04)

水力学[M]. 河海大学出版社 , 李家星,赵振兴主编, 2001

土的渗透稳定与渗流控制[M]. 水利电力出版社 , 刘杰著, 1992

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