Distribution of Environmental Factors in Lake Biwa in Low Precipitation Condition

张利民; 焦春萌

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Distribution of Environmental Factors in Lake Biwa in Low Precipitation Condition

更新时间：2025-12-11

- Distribution of Environmental Factors in Lake Biwa in Low Precipitation Condition
- Issue 2, Pages: 55-62(2003)
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  CLC： 524
- Published：2003
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[1]张利民,焦春萌.在降雨量极少的条件下日本琵琶湖的环境因子的分布(英文)[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2003(02):55-62.

张利民, 焦春萌. Distribution of Environmental Factors in Lake Biwa in Low Precipitation Condition[J]. 2003, (2): 55-62.
[1]张利民,焦春萌.在降雨量极少的条件下日本琵琶湖的环境因子的分布(英文)[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2003(02):55-62. DOI：

张利民, 焦春萌. Distribution of Environmental Factors in Lake Biwa in Low Precipitation Condition[J]. 2003, (2): 55-62. DOI：

摘要

琵琶湖是日本第一大淡水湖

20世纪60年代以来

由于经济的发展

湖水水质逐步变坏。1977年湖的北部出现赤潮

1983年湖的南部出现了湖泊富营养化的产物微囊藻。多年来

在深水区湖水温度分层情况下

叶绿素a或浮游植物主要分布在湖的表层（Tezuka

1984）。但在1994年夏季

降雨量极少的情况下

在深水区叶绿素a或浮游植物主要分布在温跃层附近

这种现象在琵琶湖是罕见的（Nakanishi

1995）。最近

琵琶湖北湖的藻类爆发显著增加了溶氧的消耗

导致了湖底层溶氧的减少。如果湖底层溶氧持续减少

底泥储存的磷就会释放到湖水中

从而加快湖泊富营养化的进程。本文分析了琵琶湖南北10个点1994年4月至1995年3月每月1次的常规观测资料

深入剖析了全湖物理化学参数的时空分布

不仅发现叶绿素的峰值在湖水温度分层时出现在温跃层的上部

而且湖底边界层同时出现了低溶氧和高浊度的现象。分析认为绿素a和溶氧、浊度的对应关系表明温跃层是一光合成活跃的区间。

Abstract

Regular measurements across the north-south profile of Lake Biwa were performed by a fine scale profiler monthly from April 1994 to March 1995. In the period of extremely low precipitation

when strong stratification appeared

peak value of chlorophyll-a didn’t appear in the epilimnion as usual

rather than

a very sharp chlorophyll peak emerged uniformly in the upper metalimnion of the whole lake. A low dissolved oxygen and high turbidity bottom boundary layer was also observed in the deepest area during summer and autumn. The coincidence between the peaks of Chlorophyll-a and dissolved oxygen shows that the metalimnion is a photosynthesis active region.

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