1.北京建筑大学土木与交通工程学院,北京 100044
2.中国文化遗产研究院,北京 100029
3.东南大学土木工程学院,江苏 南京 210096
吴宜峰(1990—),男,副教授,博士。主要从事结构防灾减灾方面的研究。E-mail: wuyifeng@bucea.edu.cn
收稿:2021-03-28,
修回:2021-06-25,
纸质出版:2022-06-28
移动端阅览
吴宜峰,赵金鑫,乔云飞等.砖石质不可移动文物本体监测/检测技术研究进展[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2022,42(03):623-637.
WU Yifeng,ZHAO Jinxin,QIAO Yunfei,et al.A Review of Monitoring/Detecting Technology for Immovable Brick and Stone Cultural Relics[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2022,42(03):623-637.
吴宜峰,赵金鑫,乔云飞等.砖石质不可移动文物本体监测/检测技术研究进展[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2022,42(03):623-637. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210328001.
WU Yifeng,ZHAO Jinxin,QIAO Yunfei,et al.A Review of Monitoring/Detecting Technology for Immovable Brick and Stone Cultural Relics[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2022,42(03):623-637. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210328001.
砖石质不可移动文物作为历史文化的重要组成部分,一直受自然灾害、周边环境以及人类活动的影响,其本体健康状况始终处于风险之中。鉴于此,首先总结了砖石质不可移动文物本体的主要病害及成因,包括变形、渗漏水、风化与内部劣化;然后针对不同病害综述了对应的多种监测/检测技术的原理及特征,并根据实际工程案例进一步分析了各监测/检测技术的应用方法;在此基础上对比了各技术的优势与缺陷并给出了实用性的建议。研究发现,针对砖石质不可移动文物本体上述病害的监测/检测技术已取得了一系列进展,监测设备种类多、特征不一,鉴于砖石质不可移动文物的易损性与不可代替性以及各种技术自身的局限性,在技术选择时,需要结合监测的多样化需求,如无损、实时、低成本等,确定出最优的监测方案。最后,根据现有的监测/检测技术研究基础,提出了灵活调整监测策略、提高监测/检测技术的普适性、加强监测/检测内容的针对性、探索多技术的联合应用、注重关键技术与协作模式的创新等若干需要继续探索的问题。
The immovable brick and stone cultural relics, as an important part of history and culture, are continuously affected by natural disasters, the surrounding environment, and human activities, so the health state of these relics is always in danger. Therefore, the author first summarizes the main diseases, as well as their causes of the formation, of immovable brick and stone cultural relics, including deformation, leakage, weathering, and inner degradation. The principles and characteristics of various monitoring/detecting technologies for different diseases of the immovable cultural relics are then explored, and the application methods of each technology are further presented according to many engineering cases. After that, the advantages and disadvantages of each technology are compared and practical suggestions are given. Results show that a series of progress has been made in the monitoring/detecting technology for the above diseases of immovable brick and stone cultural relics. Various types of monitoring devices with different features have been used. However, due to the vulnerability and irreplaceability of these relics, and the limitations of monitoring technology itself, the determination of the optimal scheme for the monitoring technology needs to consider the diversification of demand of monitoring, such as no-destructive, real-time, low cost. Finally, according to the existing studies on monitoring/detecting technology, several issues that need to be explored were put forward, such as flexibly adjusting monitoring strategies, improving the universality of monitoring/detecting technology, strengthening the pertinence of monitoring/detecting content, exploring the joint application of multiple technologies, and focusing on innovation of key technologies and collaboration models.
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