1.中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,四川 成都 610041
2.中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 四川 成都 610041
3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
4.四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州自然资源局, 四川 马尔康 624000
吕小波(1990—),男,博士研究生。主要从事山地灾害综合防治技术试验研究。E-mail: lvxb@imde.ac.cn
游勇(1964—),男,研究员,博导。主要从事泥石流运动机理及综合防治技术研究。E-mail: yyong@imde.ac.cn
纸质出版:2022-02-28
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吕小波,游勇,李道凌等.“8·20”板子沟泥石流特征及防治措施[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2022,42(01):12-23.
LYU Xiaobo,YOU Yong,LI Daoling,et al.Characteristics and Mitigation Measures of Banzi Gully Debris Flow on August 20th,2019,in Wenchuan County, Sichuan[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2022,42(01):12-23.
吕小波,游勇,李道凌等.“8·20”板子沟泥石流特征及防治措施[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2022,42(01):12-23. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.202007027.
LYU Xiaobo,YOU Yong,LI Daoling,et al.Characteristics and Mitigation Measures of Banzi Gully Debris Flow on August 20th,2019,in Wenchuan County, Sichuan[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2022,42(01):12-23. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.202007027.
2019年8月20日汶川县板子沟暴发了泥石流,“8·20”板子沟泥石流造成沟内村庄、厂房、水电站和格栅坝受损,泥石流冲毁沟口桥梁,造成都汶高速公路S9断道。基于现场勘查和室内试验资料,分析了“8·20”板子沟泥石流特征,泥石流平均流速达5.6 m/s,洪峰流量535.98 m
3
/s,一次泥石流过程总量约69.63×10
4
m
3
,向岷江输砂约25.97×10
4
m
3
,表现为堵溃型沟谷泥石流。提出了基于Tamotsu Takahashi模型的泥石流降雨阈值预测方法,该方法可用于确定泥石流的临界雨强和暴发时间,“8·20”板子沟泥石流的临界雨强为5.7 mm,小于历年临界雨强。基于水文计算结果,提出了针对板子沟的防治措施:按10年、20年一遇的标准进行设计时,可采取设置防护堤的方式;按50年、100年一遇的标准进行设计时,可采取设置防护堤+拦砂坝的方式。
A debris flow broke out on August 20th, 2019, in Banzi Gully of Wenchuan county. The debris flow damaged houses, a factory, a hydropower station and grid dams in the gully, and destroyed the bridge at the mouth of the gully, which broke off the Du-Wen Expressway S9. Based on field investigation and laboratory test,we analyzed the characteristics of “8·20” debris flow. The “8·20” debris flow, with an average velocity of 5.6 m/s, maximum discharge of 535.98 m
3
/s, runout discharge of 69.63×10
4
m
3
, and runout solid material discharge of 25.97×10
4
m
3
, had the characteristics of blocking gully debris flow. Based on the Tamotsu Takahashi model, a method is proposed to predict the rainfall thresholds of debris flow, which could be used to judge the critical rainfall intensity and eruption time of debris flow. The critical rainfall intensity of “8·20” debris flow was 5.7 mm, which was less than that of previous years. Based on the results of hydrological calculation, the prevention and control measures for Banzi Gully were put forward: the scheme of an embankment with thecorresponding height could be adopted with the design standards of 10-year and 20-year return period, and the scheme of an embankment combined with a check dam could be adopted with the design standards of 50-year and 100-year return period.
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