1.昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,云南 昆明 650500
2.云南省消防救援总队,云南 昆明 650200
刘畅(1999—),女,硕士研究生。主要从事建筑火灾方面的研究。E-mail:2628301484@qq.com
张健(1987—),男,讲师,硕导,博士。主要从事建筑火灾与城市韧性研究。E-mail:18487089941@qq.com
收稿:2025-04-30,
修回:2025-06-09,
纸质出版:2025-12-28
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刘畅,张扬,张健等.多功能按摩座椅燃烧特性试验与数值模拟研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(06):1485-1492.
LIU Chang,ZHANG Yang,ZHANG Jian,et al.Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on Combustion Characteristics of Multifunctional Massage Chairs[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(06):1485-1492.
刘畅,张扬,张健等.多功能按摩座椅燃烧特性试验与数值模拟研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(06):1485-1492. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20250430027.
LIU Chang,ZHANG Yang,ZHANG Jian,et al.Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on Combustion Characteristics of Multifunctional Massage Chairs[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(06):1485-1492. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20250430027.
公共建筑中广泛使用的多功能按摩座椅存在较大的火灾风险,探究其火灾发展规律对保障公共安全意义重大。采用全尺寸燃烧试验与FDS数值模拟相结合的方法,系统分析了单体及组合式座椅的火灾发展特性。试验结果表明,普通座椅热释放速率呈现典型“双峰”增长态势,峰值分别为184.12 kW和1 054.76 kW;采用阻燃材料的座椅热释放速率峰值降至8 kW,降幅达99.24%。数值模拟进一步表明:对于成组座椅,在相同数量条件下,双排布置火灾规模较单排布置增长46.58%;当中心座椅引燃时,热释放速率峰值达到极值,引燃位置向边缘偏移可使单、双排布置的火灾危险性明显降低;随座椅数量增加,单、双排布置的热释放速率峰值均呈现先增后稳的非线性特征,最终分别稳定在约2 019.20 kW和3 415.25 kW。基于临界热辐射阈值11.9 kW/㎡的点源辐射模型表明,单、双排布置的临界安全间距应分别大于2.01 m和2.62 m。研究建议公共建筑应优先选用经阻燃处理的产品,并宜采用单排布局,双排布置时单个座椅组规模不宜超过2×3。
Multifunctional massage chairs that are widely used in public buildings pose significant fire risks
making the study of their fire development patterns crucial for public safety. This study employed full-scale combustion tests and FDS numerical simulations to systematically analyze the fire development characteristics of individual and grouped chairs. The results showed that ordinary chairs exhibited a typical double-peak heat release rate (HRR) pattern
with peak values of 184.12 kW and 1 054.76 kW
respectively. The flame-retardant chairs demonstrated a peak HRR (PHRR) of 8 kW
representing a reduction of 99.24%. Numerical simulations further revealed that for grouped chairs with equal quantities
double-row arrangements increased fire magnitude by 46.58% compared to single-row arrangements. When ignition occurred at the central chair
the HRR reached maximum values. Shifting the ignition point toward the edges significantly reduced fire hazards under both arrangements. As chair quantity increased
PHRR under both arrangements showed a nonlinear pattern of initial increase followed by stabilization
ultimately reaching approximately 2 019.20 kW and 3 415.25 kW
respectively. Based on a point source radiation model with a critical thermal radiation threshold of 11.9 kW/m²
the critical safe distances under single-row and double-row arrangements should exceed 2.01 m and 2.62 m
respectively. This study recommends that flame-retardant products in public buildings should be prioritized
and single-row arrangements should be preferably adopted. For double-row arrangements
the size of a single chair group should not exceed 2×3 units.
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