大连理工大学 海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室,辽宁 大连 116024
于蛟(1993—),男,博士研究生。主要从事恶劣环境下的风电结构体系抗灾害性能研究。E‑mail:gremojzcondonhc@hotmail.com
收稿:2024-06-21,
修回:2024-07-10,
纸质出版:2026-04-28
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于蛟,李钢,余丁浩.考虑运转工况的风力机结构体系抗风沙性能对比研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2026,46(02):350-359.
YU Jiao,LI Gang,YU Dinghao.Comparative Study on Wind and Sand Resistance Performance of Wind Turbine Structural Systems Considering Operating Conditions[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2026,46(02):350-359.
于蛟,李钢,余丁浩.考虑运转工况的风力机结构体系抗风沙性能对比研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2026,46(02):350-359. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240621003.
YU Jiao,LI Gang,YU Dinghao.Comparative Study on Wind and Sand Resistance Performance of Wind Turbine Structural Systems Considering Operating Conditions[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2026,46(02):350-359. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240621003.
我国规划在荒漠化区域建设4.5亿千瓦风电光伏基地,而这些区域又是多风沙地区,风力发电机在此类地区有1/10到1/6的时间都处于沙尘环境,导致风力机支撑结构所受荷载种类和失效风险增加,因此,对风力机支撑结构的抗风沙性能进行研究对于荒漠化地区的风力机建设具有重要意义。不同风速不仅导致支撑结构所受风沙荷载存在差异,还将引起风力机发电控制系统对叶轮转速进行调整,而不同运转工况的差异主要体现在叶轮转速上,不同转速引起叶轮不同程度的离心刚化效应,进而影响整机的动力响应,而现有风力机抗风沙性能相关研究并未考虑风力机运转工况的影响,且仅针对锥桶式风力机支撑结构,并未涉及其他形式的支撑结构体系。针对上述问题,分别建立了锥桶式和钢管混凝土格构式1.5 MW典型风电结构整机模型,并通过直接模拟叶轮转动复现叶轮在运转工况下的离心刚化效应,进一步考虑叶轮引起的不同刚化效应和不同等级风沙荷载变化共同耦合后对支撑结构的影响,对比研究了不同风力机支撑结构考虑其在运转工况下的抗风沙性能。结果表明:三肢柱式支撑结构由于刚度较大,其位移和加速度响应相比于锥桶式支撑结构更小;叶轮旋转对锥桶式支撑结构位移响应的影响较小,但对三肢柱式支撑结构的位移有一定影响;此外,考虑叶轮旋转导致的离心刚化效应后计算出的塔顶加速度、叶片变形和应力均较不考虑叶轮旋转情况显著降低,且在较低风速下叶轮旋转效应的影响更为明显。
China plans to build 450 GW wind and solar power bases in desertified areas
which are characterized by frequent wind and sand activities. Wind turbines in such areas are exposed to sand and dust environments for 1/10 to 1/6 of the time
leading to an increase in the types of loads on wind turbine support structures and higher failure risks. Therefore
studying the wind and sand resistance performance of wind turbine support structures is of great significance for their future construction in desertified areas. Different wind speeds not only result in differences in the wind and sand loads on the support structures
but also cause the wind turbine power generation control system to adjust the impeller speed. The differences between various operating conditions are mainly reflected in the impeller speed. Different speeds lead to varying degrees of centrifugal stiffening effect of the impeller
which in turn affects the dynamic response of the entire turbine. However
existing research on the wind and sand resistance performance of wind turbines has not considered the impact of wind turbine operating conditions
and has focused only on the conical wind turbine support structure
without involving other forms of support structures. To address the above problems
this study established full-scale models of typical 1.5 MW wind turbine structures
namely the conical type and concrete-filled steel tubular lattice type
respectively. The centrifugal stiffening effect of the impeller under operating conditions was reproduced by directly simulating the impeller rotation. Furthermore
the coupled influence of different stiffening effects caused by the impeller and the different levels of wind and sand load changes on the support structures was considered. Additionally
a comparative analysis was conducted on the wind and sand resistance performance of different wind turbine support structures under operating conditions. The results showed that compared with the conical support structure
the three-legged column support structure exhibited smaller displacement and acceleration responses due to its higher stiffness. The impeller rotation had a relatively small impact on the displacement response of the conical support structure
but exerted certain influence on the displacement of the three-legged column support structure. In addition
the calculated tower-top acceleration
blade deformation
and stress when considering the centrifugal stiffening effect were significantly lower compared to those without considering impeller rotation
and the influence of impeller rotation was more pronounced at lower wind speeds.
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