1.重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆 400450
2.重庆大学山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室,重庆 400450
丁选明(1980—),男,教授,博士。主要从事土力学与地基基础方面的研究。E-mail:dxmhhu@163.com
收稿:2024-05-12,
修回:2024-07-01,
纸质出版:2025-06-28
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丁选明,李一夫,方华强等.不同厚度的珊瑚泥与高岭土面层龟裂特性对比模型试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(03):501-512.
DING Xuanming,LI Yifu,FANG Huaqiang,et al.Comparative Model Test Study on the Cracking Characteristics of Coral Mud and Kaolin Layers of Different Thicknesses[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(03):501-512.
丁选明,李一夫,方华强等.不同厚度的珊瑚泥与高岭土面层龟裂特性对比模型试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(03):501-512. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240512002.
DING Xuanming,LI Yifu,FANG Huaqiang,et al.Comparative Model Test Study on the Cracking Characteristics of Coral Mud and Kaolin Layers of Different Thicknesses[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(03):501-512. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240512002.
为探究珊瑚泥面层的龟裂特性,重点考虑了厚度影响,进行了珊瑚泥面层和高岭土面层的室内模型对比试验,利用Python和PCAS对试验结果进行处理,定量分析了两种土体面层的裂隙节点数、裂隙条数、裂隙平均长度、裂隙平均宽度、表面裂隙率以及分形维数在不同厚度下随时间的变化规律,并使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对珊瑚泥面层样进行了微观扫描。结果表明:(1) 对于珊瑚泥面层,最终裂隙面积分形维数、最终裂隙长度分形维数、最终裂隙节点数、最终裂隙条数以及最终表面裂隙率随厚度增加而减小,裂隙平均宽度峰值、最终裂隙平均长度随厚度增加而增大。高岭土面层的裂隙参数受厚度的影响形式与珊瑚泥相同,但受影响程度明显低于珊瑚泥;(2) 珊瑚泥面层和高岭土面层的裂隙平均长度变化趋势一致,而对于珊瑚泥和高岭土的其他裂隙参数,前者的增长速率在初始阶段较大,后者则符合S型增长曲线,初始阶段的增长速率较低;(3) 面层裂隙以水平和竖向裂隙为主,这是因为水分在重力和蒸发作用下向底部和表层迁移,造成面层形成水力梯度,进而导致了不均匀收缩并产生定向裂隙;(4) 此外,结合断裂力学理论分析了珊瑚泥龟裂的特点。珊瑚泥具有多孔隙结构,裂隙很可能在孔隙处萌发。黏粒团簇的基质吸力对外表现为拉应力并作用于裂隙尖端,珊瑚泥中砂粒粉粒的干扰造成黏粒团簇分布不均,改变了拉应力方向,进而将张开型断裂转变为滑移型断裂,导致珊瑚泥裂隙发育方向容易改变;(5) 在撕开型断裂中,随着面层厚度增加,裂隙面上的剪应力分布会变得更加复杂,进而导致裂缝传播的驱动力增加,也就造成了珊瑚泥面层的裂隙参数对于厚度变化的敏感程度要高于高岭土。该研究对后续珊瑚泥新型绿色工程材料的研发与应用具有重要参考价值。
To investigate the cracking behavior of coral mud surface layers
this study focuses on the effect of layer thickness. Comparative indoor model tests were conducted on coral mud and kaolin surface layers. The experimental results were processed using Python and PCAS
allowing for a quantitative analysis of the evolution of crack node number
crack count
average crack length
average crack width
surface crack ratio
and fractal dimension over time for both soil types at different thicknesses. Additionally
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to conduct microstructural analysis of the coral mud surface samples. The results indicated that: (1) for the coral mud surface layer
the final fractal dimension of crack area and length
final crack node number
crack count
and surface crack rate decreased with increasing thickness
whereas the peak average crack width and final average crack length increased. The influence of thickness on the cracking parameters of kaolin surface layers followed a similar trend but was significantly less pronounced than that observed in coral mud. (2) The average crack length in both coral mud and kaolin surface layers exhibited a similar increasing trend over time. However
for other crack parameters
coral mud showed a faster growth rate in the initial stage
while kaolin followed an S-shaped growth curve with a relatively slower initial rate. (3) The cracks mainly developed in horizontal and vertical orientations
which was attributed to the migration of moisture toward both the bottom and the surface due to gravity and evaporation. This caused the formation of a hydraulic gradient in the surface layer
leading to uneven shrinkage and the generation of directional cracks. (4) Furthermore
the cracking mechanisms of coral mud were analyzed using fracture mechanics theory. Coral mud featured a highly porous structure
where cracks were likely to initiate at pore locations. The matric suction of clay particle clusters manifested as tensile stress at crack tips. The interference of sand and silt particles led to uneven distribution of clay clusters
altering the direction of tensile stress and thereby transforming opening-mode fractures into slip-mode fractures
which made the crack propagation direction more variable. (5) In tearing-mode fractures
as the thickness of the surface layer increased
the shear stress distribution on crack surfaces became more complex
thereby increasing the driving force for crack propagation. Consequently
the sensitivity of coral mud cracking parameters to thickness variation was greater than that of kaolin. This study provides important insights for the future development and engineering application of new green construction materials based on coral mud.
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