1.陆军工程大学爆炸冲击防灾减灾国家重点实验室,江苏 南京 210007
2.南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏 南京 210094
卢浩(1987—),男,副教授,博士。主要从事防护结构毁伤评估研究。E-mail: lh829829@163.com
李毅(1995—),男,助理研究员,博士。主要从事燃气爆炸安全研究。E-mail: yi.li@njust.edu.cn
收稿:2024-03-29,
修回:2024-08-03,
纸质出版:2025-06-28
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卢浩,张效晗,李毅等.建筑物内爆炸韧性评估与决策方法[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(03):554-561.
LU Hao,ZHANG Xiaohan,LI Yi,et al.Resilience Assessment and Decision‑making for Internal Building Explosions[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(03):554-561.
卢浩,张效晗,李毅等.建筑物内爆炸韧性评估与决策方法[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(03):554-561. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240329002.
LU Hao,ZHANG Xiaohan,LI Yi,et al.Resilience Assessment and Decision‑making for Internal Building Explosions[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(03):554-561. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20240329002.
建筑物内因可燃气云积聚导致的燃爆事故频发,已严重制约相关重大工程设施安全,同时爆炸事故严重威胁人员生命、财产安全。可燃气云内爆事故具有极大的不确定性,传统抗爆技术手段难以有效平衡抗爆效率与经济投入的关系。基于数物驱动的韧性评估方法,首先对内爆事故、荷载强度、主体结构破坏的不确定性展开分析与评估;然后采用模糊数学的方法,建立得到压力波对人员各伤害等级的超压隶属度函数,得到各隶属度对应伤害等级的发生概率计算模型;在地震经验公式基础上,引入死亡率系数,获得综合压力波毁伤与建筑物坍塌伤害的人员伤亡模型;提出内爆事故损失计算模型与韧性指数计算模型。基于以上研究成果,以某涉气厂房为例,计算获得防护强度-伤亡概率、防护强度-韧性指数关系。考虑增加防护强度后带来的建设成本、维护成本的增加,计算得到不同防护强度下建筑物防护韧性效费比。综合人员伤亡概率、建筑韧性指数及防护效费比变化,兼顾节约成本与降低伤亡,确定防护强度0.8。该韧性评估决策模型有效平衡经费投入与抗爆性能效益产出,能够客观表征当前设计条件下存在的爆炸风险,同时兼顾抗爆设计方案评价及优选。
Frequent combustion-explosion accidents caused by flammable gas cloud accumulation in buildings have seriously compromised the safety of related major engineering facilities. Meanwhile
explosions pose serious threats to life and property safety. Internal explosions of flammable gas clouds exhibit significant uncertainty
and conventional blast-resistant techniques struggle to balance protection efficiency and economic investment. Based on the physics- and data-driven resilience evaluation methodology
the uncertainties of internal explosion accidents
load intensity
and primary structure damage were first analyzed and assessed. Fuzzy mathematics was then employed to establish overpressure membership functions for different personnel injury levels and to derive probability calculation models for injury levels corresponding to membership degrees. Building upon the empirical seismic formula
a mortality coefficient was introduced to obtain a casualty model that integrated shock wave damage and building collapse injuries. Then
the calculation models of loss and resilience index were proposed. Based on these findings
the protective strength-casualty probability and protective strength-resilience index relationships were calculated and acquired by taking a gas-related plant as an example. Considering increased construction and maintenance costs from enhanced protection level
the cost-effectiveness ratios of building protective resilience under different protection levels were calculated. Considering the probability of casualties
building resilience index
and protection cost-effectiveness
and balancing cost savings with casualty reduction
the optimal protection level was determined to be 0.8. This resilience assessment and decision-making model effectively balances the costs and benefits of blast resistance and is able to objectively characterize explosion risks under existing design conditions
while also enabling evaluation and optimization of blast-resistant design schemes.
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