中铁十八局集团第五工程有限公司,天津 300459
刘建华(1984—),男,高级工程师。主要从事土木工程施工技术研究。E-mail:23837366@qq.com
收稿:2023-08-24,
修回:2023-09-27,
纸质出版:2025-04-28
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刘建华.隧道工程中电解减饱和处理的振动台试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(02):468-476.
LIU Jianhua.Study on Shaking Table Tests of Electrolytic Desaturation Treatment for Tunnel Engineering[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(02):468-476.
刘建华.隧道工程中电解减饱和处理的振动台试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2025,45(02):468-476. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20230824002.
LIU Jianhua.Study on Shaking Table Tests of Electrolytic Desaturation Treatment for Tunnel Engineering[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2025,45(02):468-476. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20230824002.
隧道工程由于跨度较长,通常受到地震液化灾害的威胁。研究人员根据降低地基饱和度提高抗液化强度的原理提出了电解减饱和法。针对深厚可液化砂土层地基的明挖隧道工程,开展了电解减饱和法加固明挖隧道的振动台模型试验,对隧道周边土体加速度、孔压变化及隧道上浮位移进行了监测。试验结果表明,电解减饱和法具有良好的抗液化加固效果,可以有效地抑制隧道结构的上浮;孔压的变化是影响液化发生的关键要素,饱和砂土经电解作用后其超静孔压的降低十分显著,相较未处理工况,两组电解工况的超静孔压峰值最大降幅分别达到了68.1%和70.3%;最大降幅发生的位置均位于隧道模型底部,且正负电极的排布对减饱和抗液化效果有一定的影响;两电解工况中隧道模型的最大上浮位移量均比未电解工况有所减小,且减小幅度都超过35%。研究表明电解减饱和法对液化地基中隧道工程的上浮变形有着良好的控制作用。
Tunnel engineering projects are particularly vulnerable to seismic liquefaction hazards due to their long spans. In this study
researchers propose an electrolytic desaturation method based on the principle that reducing foundation saturation improves liquefaction resistance. For cut-and-cover tunnel projects in deep liquefiable sandy soil foundations
shaking table model tests were conducted to evaluate the reinforcement performance of the electrolytic desaturation method. Additionally
the soil acceleration around the tunnel
pore pressure variation
and tunnel uplift displacement were monitored. The test results showed that the electrolytic desaturation method provided excellent anti-liquefaction reinforcement performance
significantly restraining the uplift of tunnel structures. Pore pressure variation was the key factor affecting liquefaction occurrence. After the electrolysis of saturated sandy soils
a significant reduction in excess pore pressure was observed. Compared with the untreated condition
two conditions with different electrolytic treatments achieved maximum reductions of 68.1% and 70.3% in peak excess pore pressure. The positions of maximum reductions were all located at the bottom of the tunnel model
and the anode-cathode arrangement had a certain effect on both desaturation efficiency and anti-liquefaction performance. Both electrolytic treatments reduced the maximum uplift displacement of the tunnel model compared to the untreated condition
with reduction amplitudes exceeding 35%. The research findings demonstrate that the electrolytic desaturation method effectively controls the uplift deformation of tunnel structures in liquefiable foundations.
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