内蒙古科技大学土木工程学院,内蒙古 包头 014010
史明方(1991—)男,讲师,博士。主要从事结构动力学相关研究。E-mail:shimingfang2014@163.com
田志昌(1961—)男,教授,博士。主要从事结构减震、振动控制、耗能及抗震性能研究。E-mail:tianzhch@sina.com
纸质出版:2022-04-28
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史明方,刘振宇,田志昌等.火灾下爆炸冲击波在钢结构中的传播规律及破坏机理[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2022,42(02):283-293.
SHI Mingfang,LIU Zhenyu,TIAN Zhichang,et al.Propagation Law of Explosion Shock Wave in Steel Structure[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2022,42(02):283-293.
史明方,刘振宇,田志昌等.火灾下爆炸冲击波在钢结构中的传播规律及破坏机理[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2022,42(02):283-293. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210908001.
SHI Mingfang,LIU Zhenyu,TIAN Zhichang,et al.Propagation Law of Explosion Shock Wave in Steel Structure[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2022,42(02):283-293. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20210908001.
为了研究爆炸冲击波对结构的影响,基于一维爆炸波轴向传播方程,结合流固耦合的方法,借助ANSYS/LS‑DYNA有限元软件建立三维单层单跨框架模型。考虑高温软化效应和应变率对屈服强度的影响,分析连接方式为固定端时爆炸波的传播,研究爆炸与火灾联合作用下爆炸波在钢结构构件中的传播规律及其破坏原因。研究结果表明:垂直爆炸波方向的竖向构件内力的分布具有弱传递性,沿爆炸波方向的杆件动力响应显著;700 ℃爆炸冲击波在杆端往复传播导致在钢结构杆件中传播速度明显比常温下慢,但截面轴向速度的峰值变大,约为200 ℃的3倍,并且沿爆炸波方向杆件的轴向速度比垂直方向杆件的轴向速度大得多;常温下,垂直爆炸波的梁因受剪单元提前发生失效;高温下,构件损伤严重,垂直爆炸波方向的梁最先发生弯剪破坏,其次为柱剪切破坏,最后沿爆炸波方向的梁产生受压破坏。
In order to study the impact of blast wave on the structure, a three-dimensional single-layer single-span frame model was established by ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software based on the axial propagation equation of one-dimensional blast wave and fluid-structure coupling method. Considering the effects of high temperature softening and strain rate on yield strength, the propagation of the explosion wave at fixed ends was analyzed, and the propagation law of explosion wave in steel structural members under the combined action of explosion and fire was studied. The results show that the internal force distribution of vertical members perpendicular to the explosion wave direction has weak transmissibility, and the dynamic response of the member along the direction of the explosion wave is significant. The reciprocating propagation of explosion shock wave at the end of the rod at 700 ℃ results in a obviously slower propagation velocity in the steel structure rod than that at normal temperature, and a larger peak value of the section axial velocity, which is about 3 times of that at 200 ℃, and the axial velocity of the rod along the direction of the explosion wave is much larger than that in the vertical direction. At room temperature, the beam with vertical explosion wave fails in advance because of shear element. Under high temperature, the member is seriously damaged. The beam perpendicular to the explosion wave direction first shows bending shear failure, followed by column shear failure, and finally the beam along the explosion wave direction suffers compression failure.
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