1.中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室/中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川 成都610041
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
3.中铁二院地勘岩土工程设计研究院,四川 成都 610031
周文兵(1993—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事山地灾害实验与防治工程研究。E-mail: zhouwb1993@foxmail.com
柳金峰(1979—),男,研究员。主要从事山地灾害实验与防治工程研究。E-mail: liujf@imde.ac.cn
纸质出版:2021-10-15
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周文兵,柳金峰,王栋等.窗口坝对黏性泥石流的流量调控性能研究∗[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2021,41(05):1120-1128.
ZHOU Wenbing,LIU Jinfeng,WANG Dong,et al.Study on Regulating Discharge Process of Viscous Debris Flow by Window⁃frame Dam[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2021,41(05):1120-1128.
周文兵,柳金峰,王栋等.窗口坝对黏性泥石流的流量调控性能研究∗[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2021,41(05):1120-1128. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.201906052.
ZHOU Wenbing,LIU Jinfeng,WANG Dong,et al.Study on Regulating Discharge Process of Viscous Debris Flow by Window⁃frame Dam[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2021,41(05):1120-1128. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.201906052.
基于水槽试验,探讨了窗口坝对黏性泥石流的流量调控特性,并结合数值模拟对其调控过程进行了初步分析。结果表明:窗口坝对黏性泥石流的流量调控作用不仅表现在窗口坝对黏性泥石流峰值流量的削减能力上,还表现在对泥石流过流的延时效应上;不同工况条件下,窗口坝对黏性泥石流的调控能力不同,泥石流峰值流量削减率与窗口坝相对开口宽度、高宽比、开口率整体呈负相关,与泥石流容重整体呈正相关,但对容重较低的泥石流,窗口坝的调控作用较小;窗口坝对黏性泥石流的调控作用是窗口坝实体部分和开口部分共同作用的结果:窗口坝通过实体部分拦挡泥石流,降低泥石流的流速,并使泥石流于窗口坝库内发生流速“重分布”,再利用窗口坝大开口对其进行有控制的排导,以此来发挥窗口坝对黏性泥石流的调控效果。
In this paper, a series of flume experiments were conducted to investigate the regulating characteristics of discharge of window-frame dam on viscous debris flow, and the control process is preliminarily analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that the discharge regulation effect of the window-frame dam on viscous debris flow is reflected in reducing the peak discharge of debris flow and the delay effect. Under different working conditions, the control ability of the window-type dam to viscous debris flow differs. The reduction rate of peak discharge of debris flow is negatively correlated with the relative opening width, aspect ratio, area ratio, as well as the slop of flume, and positively correlated with the bulk density of debris flow. However, the window-frame dam has little influence on debris flow with low density. The discharge regulation effect of the window-frame dam on viscous debris flow results from the interaction between the solid part and the opening part of the window-frame dam. The window-frame dam blocks debris flow through the solid part and reduces the velocity of debris flow, which causes the velocity of debris flow to be “redistributed” in the reservoir, and then the opening of dam can be used to drain the flow in a controllable way. Under this mechanism, the discharge control effect of the window-frame dam on the viscous debris flow is exerted.
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