A fire risk assessment system for urban underground traffic is established according to phases of fire scenarios.The improved AHP method is used for developing multi-hierarchy model of element weights assessment and standard of fire risk.Finally

a typical subway station of Beijing metros system is selected. Based on detailed analyses of current equipment and operation character

fire risk assessment structure is divided into three phases including aim layer

rule layer and index layer.The fire risk level of every phase of subway fire is obtained.Some suggestions on the weak links of assessment are put forward.The results can provide reference for safety operation and emergency response plan establishment of urban underground traffic system.