In this paper

considering dynamic soil-structure interaction

an explicit finite element method to analyze the dynamic responses of water-stratum-structure coupled systems was developed on the basis of the numerical simulation of the continuous condition on the boundary between water and stratum

where the water was modeled as ideal fluid medium

the saturated soil stratum was modeled as saturated porous medium and the structure was modeled as single-phase elastic medium.By using this method

the earthquake responses of the immersed tunnel were studied on some different conditions

such as different water depths and different soil properties.All these studies can be helpful to establish perfect structure design methods for the immersed tube tunnel.