The structural health moniting can prevent and avoid disaster. The choice and usage of sensors is the first problem of consideration before moniting the construction. The optical fiber sensors are a new kind of sensors

which include a lot of categories

and the functions of them are also different. People proceeded a lot of researches in the aspect

and found out many important functions of the optical fiber sensors. The FBG and BOTDR are optical fiber sensors which are rapidly developed in recent years .This paper introduces FBG and BOTDR from the aspects of basic principle

components of sensor system

temperature compensation

excellent and bad capabilities. Draw a conclusion of advantage and disadvantage of them applied as monitoring sensors. Give some advices to the application of them in the future.