中国—中亚人类与环境“一带一路”联合实验室,文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室,西北大学文化遗产学院,陕西 西安 710027
2.山东省文物保护修复与鉴定中心,山东 济南 250109
3.重庆师范大学历史与社会学院,科技考古与文物保护技术实验室,重庆 401331
郭郎(1997—),男,讲师。主要从事文物保护材料研究。E-mail:guolang@nwu.edu.cn
王丽琴(1961—),女,教授,博士。主要从事文物保护研究。E-mail:wangliqinnwuedu@163.com
收稿:2025-12-28,
修回:2026-03-13,
纸质出版:2026-10-28
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郭郎,张佩悦,王丽琴等.氟化硅氧烷/纳米二氧化硅石刻防水材料的兼容性[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2026,46(05):940-950.
GUO Lang,ZHANG Peiyue,WANG Liqin,et al.Compatibility of Fluorinated Siloxane/Nano‑silica Waterproofing Materials for Stone Relics[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2026,46(05):940-950.
郭郎,张佩悦,王丽琴等.氟化硅氧烷/纳米二氧化硅石刻防水材料的兼容性[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2026,46(05):940-950. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20251228003.
GUO Lang,ZHANG Peiyue,WANG Liqin,et al.Compatibility of Fluorinated Siloxane/Nano‑silica Waterproofing Materials for Stone Relics[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2026,46(05):940-950. DOI: 10.13409/j.cnki.jdpme.20251228003.
超疏水材料因疏水性优异而具有应用于石刻防风化保护的潜力,但其与文物基底的兼容性研究尚不充分。本研究评估了氟化硅氧烷/纳米二氧化硅超疏水材料(F/Si材料)与砂岩基底的兼容性,重点考察了化学组成、物理结构及处理工艺对基底的影响。结果表明:砂岩基底主要成分为石英、方解石和钠长石等矿物,与F/Si材料(以纳米SiO₂和有机硅氧烷为主)在化学组成上具有相似性;两者均为颗粒状堆积结构,且F/Si材料颗粒尺寸显著小于砂岩孔隙,有效避免了孔隙堵塞。F/Si处理后形成均匀防水层,渗透深度为0.9~2.2 mm;处理砂岩、拓片、陶罐及壁画等样品的色差Δ
E
<
5,满足文物处理要求;水抑制效率达96.12%,透气性保持为原砂岩样块的78.16%。该材料可通过喷涂等简便工艺应用于多种材质、形态的文物表面。综上,F/Si材料与砂岩基底兼容性良好,符合文物保护处理标准,本研究为兼容性评估提供了系统化方法。
Superhydrophobic materials exhibit promising potential in the protection of stone relics against weathering due to their excellent hydrophobicity. However
their compatibility with cultural heritage substrates remains insufficiently investigated. This study evaluated the compatibility between a fluorinated siloxane/nano-silica superhydrophobic material (F/Si material) and sandstone substrates
focusing on the effects of chemical composition
physical structure
and processing on the substrates. The results demonstrated that the primary components of sandstone substrates—quartz
calcite
and albite—exhibited chemical compositional similarity with the F/Si material
which comprised nano-SiO₂ and organosiloxane. Both the substrate and material displayed particulate stacking structures
and the particle size of the F/Si material was significantly smaller than sandstone pore sizes
effectively preventing pore blockage. A uniform waterproofing layer formed after F/Si treatment
achieving a penetration depth of 0.9‑2.2 mm
. The color differences (Δ
E
<
5) of treated sandstone
rubbings
pottery
and mural samples met the requirements for cultural heritage treatment. The material achieved a water inhibition efficiency of 96.12% while retaining 78.16% of the original sandstone sample's air permeability. The F/Si material can be applied to the surfaces of cultural relics of various materials and morphologies through simple processes such as spraying. In conclusion
the F/Si material exhibits excellent compatibility with sandstone substrates
meeting the criteria for cultural heritage preservation treatment. This study provides a systematic methodology for compatibility evaluation.
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